The Wild Iris by Louise Glück

#读诗

At the end of my suffering there was a door.    Hear me out: that which you call death I remember.

Overhead, noises, branches of the pine shifting. Then nothing. The weak sun flickered over the dry surface.    It is terrible to survive as consciousness buried in the dark earth.    Then it was over: that which you fear, being a soul and unable to speak, ending abruptly, the stiff earth bending a little. And what I took to be birds darting in low shrubs.    You who do not remember passage from the other world I tell you I could speak again: whatever returns from oblivion returns to find a voice:

from the center of my life came a great fountain, deep blue shadows on azure sea water.    The Wild Iris诗集同题的第一首诗。从句使用很有意思。几个关键的核心词汇被从句作为宾语模糊了其定义,而在从句中定义这些概念的,是“你”和“我”。

第二节“that which you call death I remember”,死亡不是纯粹的死亡,是“我记得”“你称作”死亡的事物。

第四节“it was over: that which you fear… And what I took to be birds”. 结束了的“it”在一长串动名词的形容之后仍然模糊不清,也理应模糊不清,因为“unable to speak”,唯一清晰的是,这一切是“你恐惧的”。你恐惧的事物被排列出来,并不确定:作为一个无法开口的灵魂存在、仓促地结束、固执的大地被弯折……而And之后是一个碎片化不完整的句子,语法上的darting好像仍然从属于“你恐惧的”——“我视为”鸟的事物在低矮的灌木中俯冲,那到底是什么事物呢,那也是“你”所恐惧的吗?能够确定的、清晰的,只有“你”的恐惧和“我”的视为,“你”和“我”在用主观视角定义,定义了什么,模棱两可,林中窜过的不一定是鸟,联系第二节,“你”恐惧的,“我”记得的,不一定是死亡。

第五节,“你”也终于被从句支配,“you who do not remeber”,不是被你“有”的行动,而是被你“没有”记住的死亡之旅支配。“whatever returns from oblivion”,不再是“what”“which”而是“whatever”,被从句定义的概念终于彻底不再需要被定义,无关紧要,冒号之前的也不再是一个客观事实,不是“there was a door”或“it was over”或对象模糊的祈使句的“hear me out”。而是一个比任何先前的定义都要清晰的I tell you I could speak again。从混沌幽微中归来的事物也不再需要“你”“我”我定义,它有自己的声音。    断行上,这首诗比较常规地让行尾在行内产生独立的含义,然后刺激下一行的运转,但和之前探讨的从句使用结合起来就比较有意思,比如that which you fear, being/ a soul,断在being这里,指向恐惧的仿佛是存在本身?再接下去。whatever/ returns from oblivion returns/ to find a voice,中间一行头尾的动词呼应主题,形成生死的循环,连接在whatever的彻底不需定义之后。

具体的意象使用得很节制。Glück的诗素朴的美感常常在于,她把力量留在关键的位置。从句模糊了无数事物的定义,只留下“你”和“我”的感官。环境中偶尔出现的松树树枝shifting,也和nothing押韵而消失在背景里。那么诗中留下的有意义名词也就显得更加珍稀。地表是weak sun & dry surface,地底buried in the dark earth,而最后一节终于回到人间的泉水和野鸢尾深蓝的影,开启了第一节的门。死亡是重生的回环。

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